Probably commissioned by Ferdinand van den Eynde, 1st Marquess of Castelnuovo (d. 1674), inv. 2 December 1688, no. 5;
By descent through his daughter Elisabetta to his son-in-law, Principe Carlo Carafa di Belvedere, inv. 10 January 1707, no. 5;
By whom sold, London, Christie's, 15 December 1770, lot 77 ("a large and capital picture, St. John before Herod");
Allingham, by whom offered, London, Christie's, 6 June 1805, lot 73 (“St John before Herod - capital”, where unsold and subsequently reoffered and unsold: 14 March 1806, lot 74; 4 February 1809, lot 105);
Anonymous sale, Paris, Hôtel Bullion, 5 February 1810, lot 41 (where unsold and subsequently reoffered and unsold: 6 June 1810, lot 19);
Alexis Delahante (1767 - 1837);
By whom sold, London, Phillips, 30 May 1817, lot 1 (as “John accusing Herod of Adultery,”)
Anonymous sale, London, Dyson, 10 November 1818, lot 118 ("St. John reproving Herod. The head of Herod very fine, the scorn of the wife throwing herself back in the chair well expressed, much richness in the grouping and architectural back ground, the daughter and St. John painted with great effect. A genuine and grand picture of the master");
There acquired by Leicester Square Picture Gallery, London;
Convent of St. John and Elizabeth, St. John’s Wood, London;
By whom sold, London, Sotheby's, 9 March 1983, lot 41;
There acquired.