John M. Falconer, Letter to Jasper F. Cropsey, New York, September 4, 1848.
John M. Falconer, Letter to Jasper F. Cropsey, New York, October 29, 1848.
"Distribution," Transactions of the American Art-Union for the Year 1848 , New York, 1849, p. 61, no. 192 (as Torre di [sic] Schiavi ).
"The Fine Arts: The American Art Union, Third Notice," Home Journal , November 25, 1848, n.p.
W.S. Talbot, Jasper F. Cropsey: 1823-1900 , Ph.D. dissertation, New York University, 1977, pp. 63, 311.
J.L. Yarnall, W.H. Gerdts, The National Museum of American Art"s Index to American Art Exhibition Catalogues from the Beginning through the 1876 Centennial Year , vol. 1, Boston, Massachusetts, 1986, pp. 884, 889, nos. 21415, 21585.
C.C. Eldridge, "Torre dei Schiavi: Monument and Metaphor," Smithsonian Studies in American Art , Fall 1987, pp. 25-26.
A.M. Speiser, ed., Jasper Francis Cropsey, Catalogue Raisonné: Works in Oil, Volume One 1842-1863, Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, 2013, pp. 54-55, no. 107, illustrated.